The items on this scale are of two general types. All but one of the 70 items in the original scale have been maintained in the MMPI-2. This scale was originally designed to assess a person's tendency to withdraw from social contacts and responsibilities. Low: Good health, energetic and satisfied. High: Vague somatic complaints poor concentration, poor appetite, feels depressed and an unhappy home environment. H圓 Lassitude-Malaise - Harris & Lingoes (1955). High scores are related to low sociability, low energy, and low positive emotions. The Introversion scale, measures the extent to which respondents are inward-looking and focused on internal thoughts, feelings, and moods. The Disconstraint scale comprises two facets: Delinquent Attitudes and Norm Violation. Therefore, these scales will be susceptible to response bias to either exaggerate or to deny problems. All the scales have items, which are obvious in content, and measure what the respondent wishes to communicate. These scales were developed through basically a combined rational approach with some empirical refining. The person being tested can complete the test individually it is self-administered. The test was published in 1992 and consists of 478 true/false items. The MMPI-A is designed to measure characteristics of personality and psychopathology among adolescents. The MMPI-A-RF is the adolescent counterpart of the MMPI-2-RF (Ben-Porath & Tellegen, 2008/2011).
The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-Adolescent-Restructured Form (MMPI-A-RF Archer, Handel, Ben-Porath, & Tellegen, 2016) is a new broadband measure of adolescent psychopathology and personality. The new Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Imentory-2 (MMPI-2) content scales, designed to assess a wide range of substantive dimensions of psychopathology, are evalu- ated in terms of their confounding with general factors associated with response styles, such as desirability responding. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF), published in 2008, is a 338–item self-report test used by clinicians to assist with assessment of adult psychological dysfunction and treatment planning. What is the MMPI 2 RF and what does it measure? Administration time is up to 40 minutes shorter than that for similar instruments. An objective inventory of adult personality, the PAI assesses psychopathological syndromes and provides information relevant for clinical diagnosis, treatment planning, and screening for psychopathology. This research investigated the utility of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-Adolescent (MMPI-A) as an instrument in the diagnosis of adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).
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